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Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2018  with  funding  from 
Columbia  University  Libraries 


https://archive.org/details/secondlandofpromOOmeth 


By  north  AFRICA  we  mean  those  romantic  countries— Algeria, 
Morocco,  Tunisia  and  Tripoli — along  the  coast  of  the  Mediterranean  Sea. 

The  Methodist  Church— the  only  organized  mission  working  in  these  lands 
— has  joined  North  Africa  to  Southern  Europe  for  Episcopal  supervision.  It 
belongs  there  rather  than  to  pagan  Africa. 

Why? 

Because  all  these  countries  are  under  European  rule.  A  million  Europeans 
live  there.  Their  railways,  telegraphs  and  modern  buildings  are  all  over  the 
country,  jumbled  up  with  the  Mohammedan  mosques  and  Moorish  quarters 
of  the  20,000,000  natives.  These  latter  belong  to  the  white  race,  although 
they  are  Moslems. 

North  Africa  has  nothing  in  common  with  the  rest  of  the  “black”  con¬ 
tinent,  from  which  it  is  separated  by  the  Sahara  desert. 


ffbople  of 


The  population  of  North  Africa 
is  a  puzzling  mixture — a  conglom¬ 
eration  of  races  in  which  has  been 
imbedded  for  over  twelve  centuries 
the  fiery  zeal  of  Mohammedanism. 


The  people  of  North  Africa  were 
originally  a  branch  of  the  Cauca¬ 
sian,  or  white  race. 


U*{br/'h  Ulf) 


Tt 


St.  Paul  wrote  of  them  as  Bar¬ 
barians  from  “Barbary  States.” 
Today  they  are  known  as  “Ber¬ 
bers.” 

Phoenicians,  Romans,  Greeks, 
Jews  and  Arabs  added  each  their 
own  strain,  but  generally  under 
the  dirt  and  sunburn  the  Berber 
is  still  “white.” 

The  religion,  dress  and  customs 
of  the  Berbers  are  like  those  of 
the  Arabs.  Mohammed  was 
an  Arab,  and  the  Berbers 
— being  Moslems  —  are  in¬ 
clined  to  regard  the  race  of 
their  Prophet  as  superior 
to  themselves,  though  in 
fact  they  are  the  finer  peo¬ 
ple.  Half  of  them  speak 
only  Arabic  and  call  them¬ 
selves  Arabs. 


jVorth 

North  Africa  of  old  was  a  land  which 
seemed  destined  to  lead  in  the  march  of 
Christian  freedom  and  progress.  In  202 
A.  D.,  Tertullian  said  that  the  number  of 
Christians  in  the  cities  about  equalled  the 
number  of  pagans.  In  the  days  of  the  great 
Berber  Bishop,  Augustine  (354-430),  Chris¬ 
tianity  dominated  throughout  the  land. 

But  the  Church  there  neglected  practical 
Christianity  and  went  in  for  theological 
speculations.  From  hair-splitting  the  Berbers 
got  to  Church-splitting.  The  factions  fought. 

Many  people  were  slain.  The  whole  Church 
weakened. 

Ruins  of  Amphitheater  in  Carthage  where  Christians  were 
thrown  to  wild  beasts 


Then  in  696  A.  D.,  North  Africa  was  thrown  back,  by  the  Mohammedan  con¬ 
quest,  into  the  fatalism  and  stagnation  of  the  East.  An  army  of  the  finest  warriors 
known — rallied  by  the  assurance  of  plunder  and  religious  favors — poured  into 
North  Africa. 

Alexandria,  Carthage — all  the  great  cities  of  North  Africa — crumbled  under  the 
feet  of  the  plundering  Moslems.  The  crescent  of  Mohammed  supplanted  the 
cross  of  Christ.  Forty  thousand 
Churches  became  a  memory. 

rj-«i  •  ri  11  1  Baptistry  in  the  floor  of  the  Cathedral 

1  he  mosaic  floors  and  shattered 


There  are  three  types  of  Berbers:  the  Moors  of  the  Coast;  the 
Bedouins  of  the  Sahara  desert;  Kabyles  of  the  mountains.  The 
latter  are  the  most  important  —  75%  of  the  population. 


The  Kabyles  are  independent,  virile  and  brave.  The  French  in 

1857  were  the  first 
to  ever  conquer  their 
mountain  fastnesses. 
Their  villages  are 
perched  on  the  tops 
of  the  peaks.  Their 
stone  houses,  with 
red  tiled  roofs,  hud¬ 
dle  thickly  together 
on  the  steep  heights. 
From  Fort  National, 
the  Methodist  sta¬ 
tion  in  these  moun¬ 
tains,  three  hundred 
villages  can  be  seen. 


-;:swsar.7W^ 


Jo-dau 


On  the  lower  slopes  are 
olive  trees.  The  people  export 
a  great  deal  of  oil.  In  higher 
altitudes  the  trees  are  ash, 
figs  and  acorns.  The  latter 
is  one  of  their  food  cereals. 
The  ash  trees  provide  cattle 
fodder.  The  people  also  raise 
barley.  The  rich  buy  wheat 
from  other  districts. 

Most  of  the  livelihood  of 
the  villages  comes  from 
abroad.  The  Berbers  are 
very  versatile  and  love 
travel.  They  learn  the  ways 
and  languages  of  foreign 
countries  quickly. 


Mohammed  prom¬ 
ised  that  all  who  were 
slain  in  his  battles 
should  be  immedi¬ 
ately  admitted  to  a 
paradise  of  exquisite 
and  eternal  bliss — a 
land  of  verdure,  cool 
springs  and  fair  wo¬ 
men. 

Nearly  all  Arabia, 
ignorant,  religion¬ 
less,  and  greedy  for 
plunder,  enlisted  in 
his  cause. 


D^ofiammedanism 

Shining  Moslem  swords,  thirsty  for  the  blood  of  Christians,  penetrated  as  far 
west  as  Spain,  and  south  to  Central  Africa.  North  Africa’s  Christianity  and 
Christian  civilization  were  crushed.  Over  the  ruins,  the  faith  and  civilization  of 
Islam  have  been  thickly  veneered.  “There  is  no  God  but  God:  Mohammed  is  the 
prophet  of  God”  echoes  daily  from  Pacific  to  Atlantic. 

Five  times  a  day,  whether  the  appointed  hours  find  him  in  the  desert  or  the 
market  place,  the  Mohammedan  bows  towards  Mecca,  the  Holy  City,  automatically 
going  through  numerous  prostrations  and  inclinations  of  the  head  and  knees, 
mouthing  meaningless  prayers  in  a  strange  tongue. 

While  man  prays,  woman,  having  no  soul  or  hope  of  heaven,  goes  on  with 
her  work. 

Islam  tolerates — nay,  fosters— concubinage  and  polygamy. 

Thousands  of  North  African  soldiers,  who  served  in  the  great  war  in  Europe, 
are  returning  to  their  homes.  Contact  with  Christian  standards  of  living  has 
opened  their  eyes  to  the  evils  of  Islam. 

Their  present  attitude  is  a  God-given  opportunity. 


jfie  "Worfd 

They  haven’t  found  out  yet,  those  bigoted  Mohammedans,  that 
Columbus  settled  that  famed  argument  in  1492.  For  they  still 
teach  their  students  that  the  world  is  flat! 

In  the  bottom  of  the  sea  is  a  big  hole,  through  which  the  water 
is  ever  falling  on  a  great  iron  slab  heated  by  the  fires  of  hell 
beneath.  Thus  the  water  evaporates  and  disappears ! 

The  rest  of  Mohammedan  education  is  equally  useful.  It  con¬ 
sists  of  learning  the  Koran,  the  book  of  Mohammed,  by  heart. 
There  is  no  training  for  future  progress.  No  inspiration  of  hope. 

But  instead,  the  mind  of  the  student  is  chained  to  the  past. 


Moslem  education  is  hopelessly  entangled  with  their  narrow 
theology.  The  school  room  is  either  in  a  mosque  or  out-of-doors. 
Pictured  below  is  the  biggest  Moslem  university  in  the  world. 
Its  students  number  ten  thousand.  It  is  in  Cairo,  Egypt. 


Mohammedanism  encourages  intellectual 
isolation  from  modern  thought,  modern  modes 
of  life  and  modern  political  drift.  The  fatalism 
of  the  faith  bred  indifference  to  world  progress 
until  the  war  hurled  North  Africa  into  for¬ 
ward  trend  of  civilization. 


ive  out  of  every 


And  what  do  we  do  about 
it?  Next  to  nothing! 

The  need  of  medical  aid 
is  so  enormous  that  the  work 
of  our  missionaries,  efficient 
as  it  is,  is  hardly  a  drop  in 
the  bucket. 


Dirty,  stuffy,  one -room 
houses  without  windows  or 
chimneys  breed  diseases  of  all 
kinds.  Eyes  are  weakened  by 
the  unventilated,  smoky  at¬ 
mosphere,  the  inner  lining  of 
the  eyelids  contract,  and  the 
result  is  ingrowing  eyelashes. 


1 


A  large  proportion  of  the  population  is  affected  by  this  strange 
malady.  Our  missionaries  perform  successful  operations  on  the 
eyes.  But  they  need  suitable  buildings  and  equipment. 

Consumption  is  rife,  fostered  by  lack  of  sanitation  and  hygiene. 


Worms  debilitate  ninety  per  cent  of  the 
people,  while  venereal  diseases  are  common 
among  eighty-five  per  cent. 

The  French  Government  demands  that  a 
doctor  be  a  Frenchman,  with  a  French  medical 
degree.  We  must  get  young  Christian  French¬ 
men,  willing  to  serve  the 
good  cause,  and  train 
them  for  our  work.  But 
even  now  we  can  and  must 
increase  the  resources  of 
our  missionaries,  making 
their  beneficent  work  and 
their  Christian  influence 
more  widely  felt. 


Throughout  lands  under  Moslem  domination,  a  con¬ 
spicuous  fact  is  the  superior  mental  ability  of  the 
Christian  over  the  Moslem. 


The  moral  issues  of  this  era  are  the  gravest  in 
the  history  of  the  world.  If  it  turn  out  that  we  are 
morally  unprepared  as  we  are  physically  unprepared, 
I  tremble  for  the  future  of  the  world. 

— Henry  Morgenthau, 


We  belittle  Christianity  and  break  the  force  of  the 
message  to  the  world  at  home  and  abroad,  if  we  scale 
down  our  plans  at  a  time  like  th\s.— John  R.  Mott 


If  God  has  made  us  the  largest  Protestant  denomina¬ 
tion  in  America  under  His  grace,  then  He  has  called  us  to 
assume  a  mighty  leadership  when  it  comes  to  the  American 
impression,  that  is  to  be  made  after  this  war,  upon  the 
nations  of  the  great  wide  earth. — Bishop  E.  H.  Hughes 


! 


in  tfie  Smelter 


The  peoples  of  North  Africa  have  taken  a  great 
part  in  the  World  War.  They  can  never  sink  back 
again  into  the  lethargy  of  Islam  and  the  East.  They 
have  identified  themselves  with  the  Forward  Move¬ 
ment  of  the  world. 

All  their  social,  economic  and  political  standards 
are  molten— may  run  and  reset  in  any  mould. 


!7{ow  your 

A  mission  school,  as  such,  does  not  exist  in  North  Africa.  The 
French  Government  holds  all  secular  education  in  its  hands,  and 
forbids  schools  controlled  by  churches. 

BUT— 

“We  cannot  make  children  honest  by  teaching  them  the 
multiplication  table,  nor  virtuous  by  teaching  them  grammar, 
nor  benevolent  by  teaching  them  geography.” 

And  so  we  have  established  Homes  for  boys  and  girls.  The 
children  go  to  the  Government  schools  for  their  education.  But 
we  also  conduct  classes  in  the  Homes.  Not  readin’,  ’ritin’  and 
’rithmetic  classes,  but  classes  in  morals,  and  religion,  in  healthy 
sports,  hygiene,  and  sanitation. 


SchcKfls  Jit  Jn 

Our  educational  program  does  not  pretend  to  compete  with 
the  public  schools.  Its  object  is  to  supplement  them.  To  teach 
New  Testament  standards  of  living  to  the  rising  generation  in 
North  Africa. 


A  Mohammedan  adult,  narrow  minded  and  self  sufficient  as 
only  a  Mohammedan  can  be,  is  an  almost  impossible  person  to 
influence  or  convert.  Mohammedans  can  best  be  reached  through 
their  children.  The  children  can  best  be  reached  through  our 
Homes. 


The  Homes  are  Methodism’s  best  investment  in  North  Africa. 
We  have  six — four  for  boys  and  two  for  girls.  Four  of  these  are 
in  rented  premises.  Pictured  here  are  groups  of  our  boys  and 
girls.  Smiling  from  out  of  the  frame — eager,  hopeful — the  “raw 
materials”  that  crowd  our  doors. 


is  (Bent 


The  French  are  beginning  to 
look  upon  the  missionary  and 
the  converts  as  a  force  for  social 
uplift.  They  begin  to  see  that 
the  best  solution  of  their  difficulty 
in  finding  natives  who  are  ed¬ 
ucated  and  honest  to  represent 
and  not  misrepresent  their 
Government,  is  to  employ  those 
who  have  had  moral  as  well  as 
secular  education.  Lads 
from  our  Homes  will  be 
the  educational,  commer¬ 
cial,  moral  and  religious 
leaders  of  North  Africa. 


The  truths  of  Christianity, 
rooted  among  the  Berbers  of 
North  Africa — though  crushed 
to  earth  during  the  centuries 
of  Mohammedan  domination — 
shall  rise  again. 

The  Berber  character  is  of 
too  practical  a  turn  to  make  a 
good  Moslem.  He  is  not  like 
the  Asiatic  dreamers.  Toother 
Moslems  he  has  always  been 
heterodox.  Even  Popery  is  irk¬ 
some  to  him.  He  is  ever  asking 
the  why  of  things.  He  recog¬ 
nizes  the  fallacies  of  Islam  with¬ 
out  being  told. 

The  Berber  is  the  weakest 
spot  in  the  whole  front  of  Islam. 
He  will  soon  abandon  it  openly. 


Blind 

Kabyle 

Preacher 


to  earth 


Once  refired  with  the  zeal  of  Christian¬ 
ity,  he  will  become  the  ideal  missionary 
to  other  Moslem  sections  of  the  world. 
His  sturdy  enthusiasm  promises  rapid 
triumph. 

Methodism  has  made  more  progress 
in  its  first  eight  years  in  North  Africa 
than  in  its  initial  work  in  any  other  field 
for  the  same  period  of  time.  From  the 
Atlantic  Ocean  to  Egypt,  the  Methodist 
Church  is  the  only  organized  Protestant 
Church  doing  missionary  work. 

“If  North  Africa  is  to  be  Christianized, 
American  Methodism  must  do  it.” 


The  fi'^st  Native  Methodist  Church  in  North  Africa 


"di'mm/s fsrMJutu 


$765,090  of  the 

CENTENARY  ASKINGS 
are  to  add  in  North  Africa — 


15  Missionaries  ...... 

19  European  Pastors  and  Assistants 
64  Native  Preachers  and  Assistants 
250  Children’s  and  Student’s  Scholarships  . 

42  Building  Sites  ...... 

40  Residences  ...... 

25  Churches  and  Chapels  .... 

6  Dispensaries  and  Bihle  Depots  . 

6  Homes  and  Training  Schools 
68  Native  Preachers’  Quarters 

These  plans  open  ten  new  centers  and  carry  the 
work  to  1922. 

The  above  plans  do  not  include  the  work  among  women, 
as  they  were  not  completed  on  going  to  press. 


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4 


America  financed  her  share  in  the  Big  Scrap  so 
successfully  that  her  war  debts  are  comparatively 
insignificant. 

But  her  debts  of  peace  are  tremendous.  And  they 
are  debts  of  honor. 

The  published  notes  exchanged  between  the  Allies, 
the  speeches  of  America’s  great  men — all  made  clear  to 
the  world  that  we  were  engaged  in  a  righteous  war.  One 
in  which  greed  and  national  aggrandizement  never 
figured. 

The  conquest  o-f  the  foe  was  not  the  ultimate  end,  but 
a  means  to  the  realization  of  a  great  World  Emancipation 
Plan.  Subconsciously  the  Allies  had  been  fighting  for 
such  an  ideal  from  the  start.  The  entrance  of  America 
into  the  war  transformed  the  idea  of  World  Democ¬ 
racy  from  a  vague  concept  to  a  concrete  promise. 

The  men  of  America  and  of  America’s  Allies  were 
inspired  with  an  indomitable  Crusader’s  spirit  by  the 
thought  that  they  were  fighting  for  a  holy  thing — Lib¬ 
erty.  The  peoples  from  the  far  corners  of  the  globe 
thrilled  at  the  shoulder-to- shoulder  contact  with 
America.  Were  they  not  fighting — these  far  peoples — 


of-  ff^eace 


to  obtain  for  themselves  the  blessings  of  true  democracy 
as  enjoyed  by  Americans?  And  were  not  Americans 
fighting  to  help  others  to  obtain  those  same  blessings? 


Well,  the  Allies  won! 

But  the  mere  signing  of  the  armistice  has  not  estab¬ 
lished  democratic  institutions  throughout  the  world. 
The  Peace  Table  won’t  either. 

And  yet  the  far  peoples — of  North  x4frica,  for  instance 
— look  to  America  for  the  realization  of  that  World 
Betterment  Ideal. 

The  big  Fellow  Feeling  that  helped  win  the  war  was 
but  another  expression  of  the  Spirit  of  Christ. 

It  is  the  Spirit  of  Christ  that  will  bring  freedom — 
political,  economic  and  religious  freedom — ^to  all  the 
peoples  of  the  world. 

It  is  the  Spirit  of  Christ  that  will  fill  the  Methodist 
Centenary  coffers  to  overflowing  that  brotherly  love  and 
peace  and  helpfulness  and  true  democracy  may  be 
spread  broadcast  throughout  the  world. 


That  America  may  pay  to  the  far  peoples  her  debts 
of  peace. 


rt^last  dec^^  pep 


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haiiime 


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'‘y.,YVi'?.  •-  ■i.S  *i-.'  S;*-»^i^;^»J;V  >-,^»-' 


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entered  the  ^untry 
brought  with\hem 
customs.  Wh^ev 
tempted  to  stan 
the  result  has  b 
Cross  is  too  searc 

The  war  for  w 
medanism  another 
sand  men,  the  very  fl^ 
have  been  dropped  d 
and  North 


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The  effect  on  these 
marked.  The  imperfections  of  their 


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vilization 


low  nojslackemin 


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’i''.  ii‘'*v'l;;«  i'^.^-,^‘''’st4'Ii?-'^-V,‘. 

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■X&'^'k&-<^rsii 


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standard  loom  up  in  garish  ugliness 


I-/ V-^  1  1  w  1^  1 1  ill* 


They  return  to  their  homes  determined  that  the 


old  must  give  way  to  the  new;  intent  upon  elevat- 


the  quick  in 


that  great  second 

shall 

the  path  of  world 
t  only  that  ^vhich 


their 


to 


h, 


5^i|^ii^p|pyi|y^ 


even  remotely  to  Prussi^ism,  but 

ii''- '  -  ■  -  .  ^  '•  M.« ;  -•.  •-  ■■■'.■^  -  '■  i.-'-U  :'.?i  ••^'I'ii-C'  •  •  '  ''.'  :•.'  _,  •  ••  >  ■',^'^‘''*.\!».\'Oi'.  '•-“Zi'.-.VO'^'  .•V?V-1  -.  ^ 


also 


■“  '  ■■  '''‘'A-.  1-J ■  ‘  -  ■■V-v-«V'-'->i''i'‘^'v-'-  --CA/A/ ^:  - '  ^ 

rtMi®ii^tdidhTii|yS|^"dl€lli^Wwth  of  Chris- 


The  influence 
that  moulds 
the  formative 
period 
determines 
the  man 


Dlnswer  P 


“As  we  face  a  new  era,  we  literally  stand  in  the 
presence  of  a  new  human  world.  A  world 
sorely  needing  many  things.  But  needing 
nothing  else  so  much  as  it  needs  Jesus  Christ. 
He  is  the  supreme  necessity  of  this  world.” 


Bishop  William  F.  McDowell 


i 


i 


I. 


GRAPHIC  SERIES 


T^repared  by 

WORLD  OUTLOOK 

for  the 

CENTENARY  COMMISSION  OF  THE  BOARD 
OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF  THE  METHODIST 

EPISCOPAL  CHURCH 


111  Fifth  Avf.nue 


New  York  City 


% 

The  Graphic  Series  embraces  books  on  the  following  countries 

NORTH  AFRICA 
CHINA  •  JAPAN  •  KOREA 
CENTRAL  AFRICA 
MEXICO  •  MALAYSIA 
PHILIPPINES 
SOUTH  AMERICA 
INDIA 

RECONSTRUCTION 
FIGHTING  AMERICA’S  EIGHT 


Copyright,  1919,  by  World  Outlook 


